Vascular ultrasound guided access

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Vascular puncture is a routine in intensive care units and clinical emergencies, being a primordial stage for peripheral and central venous and arterial accesses; the patient undergoes several unsuccessful puncture attempts before insertion of the catheter, generating stress, discomfort, frustration and time of the nursing professional, as well as costs with the materials. Vascular ultrasonography (USV) has the purpose of directing the insertion of peripheral and central catheters; has shown positive results, presenting itself as an alternative to the traditional method of puncture, from a visualization and palpation of the peripheral venous network. This guided procedure has been shown to be a strong ally especially to patients with a history of unsuccessful punctures. OBJECTIVE: Verify ultrasound accuracy by guiding venous punctures. METHODS: A review of the literature was carried out by means of surveys in Pubmed, Scielo, Lilacs, Google academic, Medline. Preference was given to multicenter studies, observational studies, retrospective and prospective studies, and case reports. RESULTS: The use of ultrasonography guided the insertions, this method, which assisted the procedure, the image collaborates with a success rate of 99%, in contrast the palpation method brings the nursing team an accuracy of 60% to 65%. It can be affirmed that the use of ultrasonography guiding the procedure reduces the suffering of the patient and the family in the face of the painful attempts to insert the device, once the ultrasonography assists in the decision and choice of the most appropriate vein to be punctured, obtaining success in the first catheter insertion and progression. CONCLUSION: Peripheral central venous puncture guided by ultrasonography showed superiority over the traditional technique, with a high sensitivity and accuracy.