THYROID NODULES WITH AN INDICATION FOR FINE NEEDLE ASPIRATION CYTOLOGY, WHICH SHOWED BENIGNITY

PICTORIAL ESSAY

Abstract

Introduction: The thyroid is an endocrine gland that regulates thyroid hormones. Thyroid nodules are common, detected by ultrasound (US). Malignancy is rare, and the diagnosis depends on fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC). ACR TI-RADS stratifies the risk of malignancy based on ultrasound findings. Objective: Presenting images of thyroid nodules classified as TI-RADS 3, 4, and 5, highlighting their confirmed benignity through FNAC. Methods: Images of TI-RADS 3, 4, and 5 nodules were collected from a diagnostic center, with FNAC indicating benignity. Results and Discussion: The images show TI-RADS 4 and 5 nodules with highly suspicious findings, but with benign cytology. This emphasizes the need for a comprehensive evaluation, considering the nodule's size. Echogenic foci increase suspicion but are not definitive. Similarly, isolated shape doesn't guarantee malignancy. The decision for FNAC should take into account various characteristics. Conclusion: The study highlights the importance of an individualized evaluation of nodules, even in TI-RADS 4 and 5 with suspicious findings. There is no definitive characteristic of malignancy, and size influences the decision for FNAC. ACR TI-RADS is useful but should be used in conjunction with clinical assessment to avoid unnecessary procedures. With advanced ultrasound techniques, the management of thyroid nodules has improved.