PREVALENCE OF NEUROLOGICAL INJURIES DIAGNOSED BY TRANSFONTANELLE ULTRASONOGRAPHY IN TERM NEWBORN

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Ultrasonography (USG) is the most widely used neuroimaging procedure, as it provides information on perinatal brain injury to predict long-term results. Transfontanellar USG (TFUS) is a routine examination for those with lower gestational age than 34 weeks and there are many studies that talk about the prevalence of injuries for this group and few studies related to findings in term newborns (NB). Studying the findings of the TFUS are essential in the health care of premature babies, aiming at better prognosis. OBJECTIVE: To measure the main findings in TFUS in term newborns. METHODS: Descriptive quantitative and retrospective cross-sectional study, developed in a public maternity of reference in Goiânia-GO. RESULTS: All NBs admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) from January to December 2019 were analyzed in a total of 265, 50 of which were considered terms in relation to gestational age and who were indicated to perform the USFT (excluding six cases due to incomplete forms) totaling a final total 44 patients. Maternal profile was women between 18 and 30 years old (62%), primiparous (50%), less than seven prenatal consultations (62%), cesarean section (62%) with risk factors associated with preeclampsia and urinary tract infections (43%). Profile of the newborns is female (75%), 38 weeks (38%), apgar score 1º minute an seven (65%), apgar score 5º more than eight (75%), appropriate to gestational age (62%) and more than 2,501 grams (62 %). 25% of deaths were registered in the group of patients with abnormalities, 100% of whom were diagnosed with leukomalacia. CONCLUSION: 44 tests were performed, 82% of which were normal and 18% abnormal. The main alteration found in this group was leukomalacia with 50%. Maternal profile was women between 18 and 30 years old, primiparous who had less than seven prenatal consultations and who had deliveries by cesarean section with risk factors associated with preeclampsia and urinary tract infections. The profile of the newborns is female, born at 38 weeks, with an Apgar score less than seven, an Apgar score greater than eight, with a weight appropriate to gestational age with babies over 2,501 grams.