The importance of intrauterus diagnosis of congenital malformations passive of surgical correction

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Morphological ultrasonography performed by trained professionals in the second trimester is an accessible method of choice for the screening of congenital conditions. Over the years, advances in the area of fetal surgery and pediatric surgery in the newborn have reduced rates of neonatal mortality. Thus, the ultrasonographic study allows the evaluation of the need for surgical intervention in the intrauterine period or early postpartum period. METHODS: The present work was based on a bibliographical review through the LILACS and SCIELO databases. RESULTS: The probability of occurrence of a chromosomal or structural anomaly varies between 0.5% and 2% of the total number of pregnancies. It is important to recognize the pathologies susceptible to surgical correction in order to preserve the vitality of the fetus and / or newborn, in addition to reducing morbidity and mortality. Like pathologies that require immediate or intrauterine intervention, we have left ventricular hypoplasia syndrome with restrictive oval foramen, duodenal obstructions, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, hydrocephalus, myelomeningocele, among others. In addition, previous planning is necessary, given the early diagnosis, since the reference center for delivery and the implementation of interventions must have adequate structural, professional and technological apparatus due to the complexity of the surgical procedures and the need for hospitalization in neonatal intensive care units. CONCLUSION: The early detection of congenital malformations avoids ignorance of conditions in the delivery room, providing a better understanding of the parents about the patient’s picture, therapeutic planning and safe conditions for the moment of delivery