Abdominal rectum desmoid tumors

case report

Abstract

Desmoid tumors constitute a rare group of benign tumors that do not metastasize. They originate in the fibroblast of aponeurotic tissue or tendons. The main characteristics are the high aggressiveness and high local recurrence despite the different forms of treatment, but also they can stagnate and even regress, with complete involution. The incidence of desmoids is 0.03% of all tumors (malignant and benign) and 3% of all soft tissue tumors. There are reports in the literature of 2 to 4 new cases per million inhabitants per year. In the United States, there are nine hundred new cases reported each year. The peak incidence is 30 to 40 years, slightly more frequent in females, and is associated in 5 to 10 or up to 20% in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis and Gardner’s Syndrome. Risk factors include genetic factors, surgeries, pregnancy, trauma, familial adenomatous polyposis, and Gardner’s Syndrome. The diagnosis includes clinical history, physical examination and imaging method, but the ratification should be always done by histopathological or cytological study obtained by core biopsy or fine needle aspiration. It is widely debated in the literature the appropriate treatment modalities ranging from observation and control with imaging methods, surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy and even anti-hormonal treatment and with nonhormonal anti-inflammatory drugs. In this sense, this paper reports a case of desmoid-type tumor diagnosed in a 24-year-old girl.